Indigenous knowledge has long been ignored, and sometimes even opposed, by science. Now, however, it is receiving renewed interest – and it’s about time: the consequences of global mechanization, along with crises linked to climate change and health issues, are encouraging us to assign new importance to knowledge, practices and expertise that have long been marginalized. Rooted in the careful observation of ecosystems and passed down orally from generation to generation, this knowledge offers valuable keys to building a sustainable future. It has been gaining increased recognition for several years. The United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, adopted in 2007, affirms the right of these peoples to preserve, control and develop their traditional knowledge.